Oil-burning colony brooder



Sept, 16 @24 P. S. MARTIN OIL BURNING coLLoNY BRooDER Filed Nov, 9 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet l epia, 16 R92@ R MARTEN OIL BURNING COLONY BROODER 1920 2 Shasta-Shea 2 Filed Nov. 9,

Patented Sept. 16, 1924.

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

rRRRY s. MARTIN, or nARRIsoNRURe, VIRGIN-IR, AssIGNoR To NnwTowN GIANT INcURaToR- CORPORATION, or nARRIsoNRURe, VIRGINIA, a coRroRarIoN or,

VIRGINIA.

OIL-BURNING COLONY BROODER.

Application filed November, 1920. Serial No. 422,914.`

To all lwhom t may concern;

Be it known that I, PERRY S. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Harrisonburg, in the county of Rockingham and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in OilBurning Colony Brooders; -and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of-tliis specilication.

This invention relates to an oil burning colony broeder and has for its principalr object the provision of such a broeder lin which the range of temperature between a point near the burner and a point directly under the hover edge shall be reduced from the usual forty degrees or more to twenty de es and even less. g

further object lies in the revision of means for rovlding ample frcs air to the young chic as well as suiicient air for combustion such means deecting the warmed air for the chickens out of the sides of the hover while carryin away the products ofcombustion throug the upper central orifice in the deflector cone.

Figure 1 is an elevation of the broeder showlng certain vofthe parts in cross section;

Fig. 2 is a plan'vicw with certain of the parts omitted and others broken away;

Fig. 3 is a central sectional view through the center of the burner; and

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the burner bowl taken on line 4-4 of Figure 3. f

The broeder illustrated shouldbe placed in a level position in the center of a well lighted and ventilated room about 12 by 14 0r smaller, according to the size of'- the broeder used. The base 10 is open at the bottom but closed at the sides 11 and ends 12, so as to form a passage or chamber when placed upon the ground, the entrance to such chamber being through the orifice 13 :Tcneath the reservoir, and the exit being a similar orifice 14 directly beneath the center of the hover. 'Ihe chimney' 15 is a cylindrical tube serving the dual function of supporting the fuel reservoir and associated parts and of supplying air to the chamber beneath the base 10, .the casing being pro vided with holes .16 andK 17 for this purpose and for the reception of the oil pipe 18 leading from the drlp cup 19 to the burner bowl 20. The reservoir 21 rests upon the upper. reinforced ed e. 22 of the oil fount so as to be rotected out et, 24 extending into the oil fount 25 thereby maintaining the oil at the level of the bottom of such outlet. The reservoir 21 is provided with the usual cork valve 27 connected to a rod 28 of ater length than the distance from the cor to the base 29 of the casing and fount, so that when the reservoir 1s p l driven inward allowing oil toiiow vfrom the reservoirpuntil ,itcloses the-mouth of the orifice 24, thereafter maintainingsuch level constant in the welll known manner.v The base 29 of the casing may be supported in any desired manner, as for example, by means of the tie rods 30 extending to a bar 31 extending transversely across ythe b'a's'e 10 thereby firmly binding the base 29 against the chimney 15. i Y

A small flexible friction tube 35 extends through the oil fount 25 as at 36, making an o'il ti ht junction, and extends upwardly in a hellcal line between the fount and casing and ends after a complete revolution or more in a downturned spout 37 directly above the oil cup 19, the spout preferably'being centrally located with respect to the mica window 38 closing a corresponding orifice inthe casin 23. A small bracket 40 is secured to the side of the casing 23 and furnishes a pivotal support 41 for the drip regulating lever 42 as well as threaded supports for the adjusting screws 44 and 45 governing respectively the minimum and maximum How of oil through the flexible tube 35.

The supply of oil to the burner is controlled a thermostat 48 of the usual form, prefere lyy of the circular corrugated' double convex ether-alcohol ty secured to a bracket 49 clam ed by t e oil pipe 18 by means of the bo ts or other fastenings 50. A thermostat lever 51 is hingled to the'bracket as at 52 andis normally eld against the y the casing 23 andhas an aced on the fount the cork will be' umbo 53 ol the thermostat by means et the action of a weight 54 swung from the regulating lever 42 on the tube side of the `pivot 4l and operating by adding its weight to that of the tube 35 to swing the lower end of lever 42 away from the thermostat bracket, but owin to the connection 55 between such lower en andthe lever 5l serving to hold care ot by the burner.

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the latter in contact with the thermostat unibo.

As the temperature increases the thermostat expands and pulls the lower end of the drip regulating lever 42 to the left against the action of the weight 54and raises the end of the tube 35 until the short arm of the lever comes into contact with the minimum adjusting screw 44 when further increase in temperature will be accommodated merely through the bending of the relatively long levers 42 and 5l. 'lhe minimum adjusting screw 44 is usually set to provide 'ust sufficient. How of oil to operate the uriner and the maximum adjusting screw is normally set so that the greatest quantity of oil will be furnished that can be taken screws are not 'made permanent for obvious reasons including the need for a very rapid how on irst using the brooder for example and the necessity or entirely' closing the flow when desired, which is accomplished by turning the minimum screw 44 so as to bring the spout 37 entirely above the surface ot the oil in the leunt 25.

'lhe burner bowl 20 is secured to the oil pipe 16 and is supported at the proper elevation by means of a bracket secured to the base 10 and so arranged that there should be a slight slope to the oil pipe from the bend where it enters the chimney 15 down to the burner bowl in order to insure a propler flow of oil.

'l' e burner bowl is a flat annular casting having a boss 62 threaded to receive the end or the ed by e vertical flange 64 which forms one wall of the trough 65, the other wall being formed by the outwardly sloping external ange 66. 'llhe flange 66 has a slight groove 67 in its upper inner face to furnish a secure support for the outer perforated combustion tube 68. rllhe inner flange 64 may likewise be grooved on its upper outer face to receive the inner perforated combustion tube 70, but it is preferred that the latter should have a friction fit with the outer face oi the inner flange and have the lower points oit its vertical cleats 71 abutting the partitions 72 in the trough. rlhis abutment between the cleat and the partition will not linterfere with the Jflow or oil over the par-4 tition, since the cleats 7l are slightly beveled at their lower ends to permit the spilling ci oil between the cleat and the outer annular 'lace ot the trough.

rlhese regulating Y ipe 18 and a central orilice 63 bdundincenso These partitions 7 2, which may be two in number as shown, or any number of pairs, serve an important function in the present invention, since they permit the burning ol a large or small quantity of oil with equal efficiency, and furnish a most satisfactory substitute for the tilting burner which has the serious disadvantage of smoking and giving o6' unburne'd fumes of hydrocarbons from the portion of the trough not supplied with oil since the entire trough is invariably hot.v With the simple form illustrated having but the two diametrically opposed partitions, the oil is delivered to the front end or the trough inlarge or small quantity. llt but Ya small quantity of oil is delivered the ame will be entirely conined to the front half of the burner, since the level of the oil in the trough will not be high enough to overflow the partitions 71. 'lhe eiiiciency of the flame, however, will be just as high as if twice the quantity were delivered, since the level or thev oil will be the saine and the lanie will be coniined to the front hall' of the annular space between the perforatedl combustion tubes 68 and 7 0 by virtue or the perforated cleats 7l which extend throughout practically the length of the inner tube 70. `When full" quantity or oil is used it naturally overflows the partition and both halves of the burner are used in the usual way, the llame then being annular and the entire annular chaer be-s tween the tubes being utilized. 'llhus it will be seen' that in the present device a stationary burner is utilized in combination with a stationary oil fount and reservoir,-the appropriate dow beingy maintained by movement of the flexible friction tube 35 alone. A circular bams plate 75 is held against the downwardly extending legs 76 ol the burner base by means of a tie rod 7 7 passing through the burner cap 78 and being secured thereto by means of a nut 79 which holds the cap in close engagement with the top of the inner tube which receives the reduced central projection 8O of the cap.

The cowl 81 is of the usual conical shape, has a friction lit with the top oil the outer combustion tube 68 and is provided at its l skirt somewhat larger than the burner bowl l 20, but slightly smaller in diameter than the spreader 75.

A circular guard 87 preferably having its upper portion 88 of reticulated material,

such as wire cloth, has a slot 89 to receive the oil pipe 1S, and is held in place by means of a plurality or lugs 90, preferably three in number, secured to the base by appropriate fastening means.

llt will be seen that thev'aiig! for the chiclrs l and for the burner will be supplied through the holes 16 and 17 in the chimney 15 and will pass downwardly through the hole 13 through the passage in the base 10 and upwardly through the orifice 14. It will then be spread by thecircular baffle 75, part of the air traveling upwardly against the guard 87 and part'of it passing inwardly over the spreader and upwardly through the central hole 63 of the bowl and in the space between the .cowl and the outer tube. Part of the air in this latter space will pass through the holes 83 and into the hover space while the remainder will ass through the perforations in the tube and aid in supplying oxygen to the tiame.

The products of combustion will all pass through the annular orice between the cowl and the can 78 and will pass through the central opening 84 into the lower chamber of the radiator, this chamber having for its ceiling the disk 93 spaced from the angle of the radiator but sup orted therefrom by means of a lurality o small straps 94 between which tlie products of combustion pass into the upper chamber `95 of the radiator, and thence to the 'chimney 96 and out through the openings 97 in the upper part thereof, slightly above the top of the hover 100. rlhe top of the chimney 96 may be closed by a cap 101 held in engagement by any preferred means, such for example as the spring lingers 102. The radiator is supported from the hover by straps 103 secured to the cone by means of the bolts 104, one of which serves to support the usual thermometer 105.

The hover 100 is provided with a pair of brackets 107 which receive ivot pin 108 extending through the legs ci) a U-shaped bracket 109 secured to the base as at 110, this connection permitting the swinging of the hover into contact with the reservoir 21 in order to have convenient access "to the burner.

4rIhe hover 10() has depending legs (not shown) which rest on the floor of the brooder room when the hover is horizontal.`

What I claim is:

1. In a brooder, a hover, a burner for heating said Yhover, a heat radiating member between said hover and burner receiving the products of combustion from said burner and dischar ing throu h said hover, a shield surrouning said urner, and a baffle beneath said burner for directing air against said shield and to the outside of said radiating member.

2. In a brooder, a hollow base having a plurality of openings and providing an air passage between said openings, a burner located above one of said openings, a hover, a member surrounding said burner for conveying the products o"l combustion therei rom and having a lower conical surface to for directing heated air toward said lower conical surface.

3. In a brooder, a`con1ca1 hover, any annular burner centrally located within said hover, a circular shield surrounding said burner andl spaced therefrom, a circular horizontal baille beneath said burner and within said shield and means for directing the .air deflected by said baie upwardly and outwardly equally in all directions toward the periphery of said hover.

4. In a brooder, a conical hover pivoted near its periphery having an opening at the apex, a similar but smaller cone also hav'- ing an opening in its apex arranged coaxially with the hover and spaced therefrom, means forming a vpassageway from the inner cone through the opening of the hover and dischar ing to atmosphere, a third cone secured to t e smaller cone coaxial but opposed and forming with said second cone a lenticular heat radiatin member, said third cone having an apica opening therein, a baille between thev second and third cones for preventing direct passage of air from one opening to the other whereby when a heating means is laced below the o ening in the third or liiwer cone the pro ucts of combustion will pass up through the low. er cone tothe battle, around the battle, upward through the second cone and will be discharged from there through said passageway', said products of combustion as they pass through the second or intermediate cone heating the air between said intermediate cone and the conical hoverr 5. In a hover, the combination of three concentric cones, each havin an apical opening, a burner concentric with the three cones and discharging its products of combustion into the lower one, and means located between the lower and intermediate cones for preventing direct passage of the products of combustion from said burner from the lower to the intermediate cone, and means for spacing the intermediate cone from the upper cone so as to provide an annular air chamber to be heated by the products of combustion from the burner, and means for directing air against the lower cone annularly about said burner; said lower cone directing such air towardv said heated chamber.

6. In a. hover, a cone having its apex downward and having a central opening' therein, an annular burner beneath said cone, a cylindrical shield surrounding said burner,- a base having an opening beneath said burner and a circularbale spaced from said burner, said base and said shield and coaxial with said cone, said burner, said shield and the opening in the base.

7. In a hover, a hollow base, having an llO exit opening and an entrance opening, a conical hover pivoted to said bose and lying entirely to opening and extending beyond the base ot the side away from the pivot5 o. burner loceted above the exit openin f, a shield surrounding said burner., e ba xe spaced from one side of the entranceA Looeoo the burner etely above said Said pivotal hover.

and shield and located immedientrence opening, and

toward 'the perphei'y of PERRY S. MARTN.

in an upward and. 

